Foundational Sciences Archives

Foundational Sciences Systems Physiology

Countercurrent Exchange – How a Duck’s Feet Don’t Freeze

If you’ve ever stood barefoot on a cold kitchen tile, you know it’s uncomfortable. Now imagine standing on a literal block of ice for six hours. That is basically the…

Hamd Waseem January 21, 2026

Foundational Sciences Medical Physics

How Do MRI Scanners work?

So, you’ve probably seen an MRI machine in a movie or a hospital. It’s that giant, noisy doughnut-shaped tube that people slide into. But have you ever wondered how a…

Hamd Waseem January 14, 2026

Foundational Sciences Systems Physiology

The Bohr Effect – How blood knows where to drop oxygen off

So you probably know what haemoglobin is (or hemoglobin for the American readers out there :D) - it binds to oxygen in the blood. Why? To drop it off at…

Hamd Waseem December 27, 2025

Foundational Sciences Medical Physics

What are Non-Newtonian Fluids and How Do They Work?

https://web.mit.edu/files/images/201910/MIT-Cornstarch-SL_0.jpg You've probably heard of Oobleck, a mix of cornstarch and water. It's a fluid that is soft when less force is applied but hard when more force is applied;…

Hamd Waseem February 1, 2025